Field signs. The big contrast Kulik with black and white plumage. Large orange beak, Flattened laterally, rather izmenchiv in shape and length. Legs low pink trehpalye. Males and females apparently no different. In autumn at the throat white poluosheynik end of the beak very dark. Young adults are different from the brown horse instead of black, with light kaemkami for plumes, no white spots throat, dark beak with dirty-orange ground is usually shorter than that of adults and more pointed, legs brown , Brown eyes (adults - red), okologlaznoe bare ring dark, almost no expression (in adults - a bright orange-red). Weight 400-600 g, 40-46 cm in length, wing 23,5-28,4 cm breadth 80-86 see very loud. When you publish a dramatic high anxiety and repetition "kipIk-kipIk-kipIk ..." or "kvIik-kvIik-kvIik ...". Tokovanie, executed on the ground or in flight with the elongated neck and omissions beak, begins with the same sounds, which gradually uchaschayas, merge into a continuous trill: "... Quick-Quick-kvikvikvikvikvirrrrrr." Pozyvka single flying birds - a sharp "krrrIIu (Ryabitsev, 2002).  Distribution. Kulik Mainland-four (H. o. longipes Buturlin, 1910) is a rare subspecies, located on the southeastern border of its distribution. Nestling it was found to Chulymu between Kopevo and Balahtoy, as well as at the mouth of the river. Abakan, rarely been on a sandbank White Iyusa, near Lake. Sarhat and the river. Tube. Currently, found nesting on the river. Tuba in the area with. Shalobolino and a large number of Abakan. Meeting this Kulik in Priangare to Noshinskom pond in May and August. Zalety known for Yenisei to the north: slightly lower Yenisei, the Vorogovskom mnogoostrove, on the left bank of the Yenisei with. Verhneimbatskoe and in the vicinity of the Peace (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000).
Habitats and reproduction. Gnezditsya river with a sandy beaches and less galechnikovymi, clay or solontsevatyh sites to avoid. Narrow biotopicheskaya timed to determine the placement of the sporadichnost Kulik in the province. However, its nesting places in Central Siberia, with low numbers remain constant over the last century. The nest - usually open pit in the sand near the water. Sometimes fossa ImageDupeless stones or plant debris. Masonry - 3, rarely 4 Eggs. Sometimes used for nesting the old nests of others, such as crows. By Abakanu 5-8 July 1990 there were well-flying young birds kept families. In vyvodke was 2-3 on the young (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Number. At the beginning of the century was common at the above location Chulyma, and the stretch of 45 miles between the villages of Karelia and Irtyshskoy - multiple in the remaining areas were rare. Everywhere now very rare. Nevertheless, its nesting places in Central Siberia, with low numbers remain constant over the last century. Moreover, on the river. Abakan (in Khakassia) it is quite common. For example, only in the River of with. Safyanovo to Arshanovo (8 kilometers) was observed 4 breeding pairs, with a total of 13 individuals. More rare on the river. Tuba and Chulyme (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Subtype with a narrow specialization biotopicheskoy (Inland sand shoals), it seems, and specific forage base that predetermines sporadichnost spread and low strength. Places where nesting Kulikov, heavily exploited, are grazing, destroying nests. There is a direct poaching - many hunters otstrelivayut these beautiful little birds (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Measures of protection. Subtype introduced in the Red Book of Russia. There is a need to create places genzdovaniya (on the Tube, Chulyme, Abakan) mikrozakazniki with special forms of treatment and make a list of key ornithological territories of Russia. There is a greater need to promote the preservation of this rare and beautiful Kulik (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). References. |
