Field signs. A small bird (weight 72-77 g) black metal otlivom colored wings and tail brown. In autumn all covered with white spotted. Young - brown with lighter throat. The tail is relatively short. Creek - sharp, skripyaschy. Song - mostly imitation of songs of other birds and even a variety of other sounds (creak of wheels, etc.) (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). For ordinary starlings typical manifestation of color, so-called hlorizma when the bird is fully colored uniform yellow-green ryzhim such specimens track in Tuva on the lake. Hadyn, collector's copies are kept in the Zoological Museum of Krasnoyarsk State University (AN Baykalov) . Distribution. Polusinantropny kind of Southern forest area, forest and some parts of the steppes of Central Siberia. In Minusinsk Basin, except towns, breeds mostly in the riverine forests, forest groves, as well as clarified stations, alternating with meadows, in podtayge and southern taiga (Rogacheva, 1988). At the beginning of the century nest on the Yenisei to the north to about 60 o N (Tugarinov, Buturlin, 1911). There are currently numerous starlings in all southern taiga villages (50 animals / km 2 ), And usually in the Yenisei flood plain, where nesting in hollows (5 individuals / km 2) (Bursky, Vakhrushev, 1983). In southern srednetaezhnoy subzone (Vorogovo, 61 o N) starlings nest in the townships, and in large towns (p. Vorogovo) the number much higher than in small (pos. Zotino): in 1977, respectively 323 and 25 birds / 2 kilometers, or about 100 and 10 pairs in the village. In the village. Bor and village. Podkamenaya Tunguska starlings conventional and nest each year. Severnee they nest in almost all srednetaezhnyh Yenisei towns, at least until pp. Upper Imbatskoe (63 o 12 'N), but not every year. Somewhere in the vicinity of the Peace (62 o 20' N) border permanent nesting species. East of Yenisei, the lower Angara, Starling very many in the townships (156 individuals / km 2) and typical for riverine meadows and fields (2-4 individuals / km 2) (Vladyshevsky, Shaparev, 1976; Ravkin, 1984). East in a big old village Kezhma on the Angara (59 o N), starlings also nest continuously, and in the upper Podkamennoy Tunguska, in with. Vanavara (60 o 20 'N), in the late 50's. fall in spring every year, but despite the presence of nesting box, A nest rarely (Syroechkovsky, 1959). Known zalet starlings in April 1978 in the southern forest in the upper river. Turuhan: in the village. Sovetskaya River, was found dead frozen poultry (Rogacheva et al, 1987). Phenology. Migratory birds. Under the Krasnoyarsk appears in the first half of April, May 21-29 vyluplyayutsya skvorchata, in the first decade of June, they fly from nests in late July starting to change his attire for an adult spotted. Since mid - August flocks of starlings are particularly numerous, but by mid-September, they fly away (sometimes delayed until mid-October). Reproduction. Slot in the nesting box and hollows. Masonry - 5-8 blue eggs (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Nutrition. Feeds insects and their larvae, worms, and also the summer berries. Very useful, as well as destroying many pests of agriculture and forestry (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). References. |
