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Family rail Of rallidae |
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[Korostel] Crex of crex Of linnaeus, 1758 Name of view of other languages
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Field signs. Bird of average value (with mass about 150 g.). The top is light-red with the dark speckles. Sides are ocherous- red with the white transverse strips, wings rusty- red. The beak short, body is compressed from the sides. It flies unwillingly, preferring to be escaped from the danger by flight. It in flight differs from other birds in terms of the fact that it does not gather and does not draw out foot, they clumsy dangle in air. Excellently it runs in the grass, rapidly changing direction. It is active at night and into the twilights. In spring and into the first half of summer frequently it is possible to hear the cry of [korostelya]. This is the loud crack, which resembles the sound, which is obtained, if we rapidly conduct along the teeth of crest by rigid wooden rod - [kre]-[krek]-[krek] . It is audible in calm weather further kilometer and is repeated, sometimes to hundred and even to 300 times in a row ([Syroechkovskiy], [Rogacheva], 1980). Propagation. Migratory bird, widespread in the temperate latitudes of the country. It populates southern half of edge, penetrating to the north on the river valleys to the central-taiga strip. Along the meadows and the river valleys far it goes in the taiga and rises even into the Alpine meadow Of [sayan]. It is usual in The [usinskaya] basin, in The [achinskoy] and Kansk wooded plain, under Krasnoyarsk; in the floodlands Of the [chulie] rivers, polygon, [Sisim], in the lower reaches of the river Of [kazyra] and [Kizira]. Rarely it is encountered in the upper To [keti]. In the region d. [Karelinaya] laying with 10 long occupied eggs is found with 12.06.63. ([Moskvitin], [Dubovik], it is proud, 1977). In [podtayge] it is also usual, extended sporadically. In the southern taiga it is usual only on the river valleys. It nests on the meadow islands hangars ([Syroechkovskiy] and other, 1978), during the partially being overgrown cuttings down of lower [Priangarya] ([Vladyshevskiy], [Shaparev], 1976), on the terraces r. Of [chuny] ([Ravkin], 1984). In the lower reaches of the river hangars on May 16, 1971. transient birds were observed. In [Fomke], in [Pogodaeve] and in the mouth r. the yew-tree in the separate years is usual, and - it is numerous on the Kolmogorovsk island. In [Fomke] the arrival is noted - on June 13, 1975. and on June 5, 1977. - in Kolmogorov. (Boer, [Vakhrushev], 1983). Separate birds are encountered on the small lowland swamps on lower [Kase] and in the high floodlands in [Fomki] (Boer, [Vakhrushev], 1983). In the average taiga it becomes very rare. Nests in the southern part of the subzone in s. [Vorogovo]. North rarely, but constantly it is noted to the latitude of peaceful (62o 15 ' N). Nesting here is not proven. ([Rogacheva] and other, 1978). In the valley of underground Tungus no longer it is encountered. Along the Yenisey as the being nested bird it goes to 62o N ([Stepanyan], 1990). On [E].[P]. To [spangenbergu] (1951), the area of [korostelya] in the eastern limits of the propagation of form covers upper Lena and lower Tungus to her average flow. [N].[F]. Of [reymers] from 1959 until 1961. inclusively it did not meet [korostelya] in the limits of the southern taiga of average Siberia. On its assertion, in previous years (1950-1958) this bird was rare, and all points of its registration related to the regions of [lesostepya]. And suddenly, in 1962. [korostel] became most usual bird of upper Lena and hangars. The voices of birds were audible on all wet meadows. There was this the pulsation of the boundaries of area or the significant fluctuation of the number of birds inside it, accurately established could not be, in view of absence of new information from the lower Tungus and average Lena ([Reymers], 1966). Regularly nests on the extensive swampy meadows and the [kochkarnikovym] swamps in the environments near der [Dodonovo] ([A].[V]. Of [kutyanina], it is oral. [soobshch].). Places of inhabiting. It prefers lowland swamps, damp [vysokotravnye] meadows with the bushes, sometimes cutting down, clearing, bread fields. It settles also on the dry meadows among the steppe pins, on the slopes of mountains with the rarefied taiga. Multiplication. It in spring arrives flying in May. In the environments sett. [Emelyanovo] in 1954. it is noted on May 17, in the floodlands r. [Chulym] in s. spear in 1964. - On May 19, in the upper reaches r. [Sisim] in 1970. - On May 23 ([Vladyshevkiy], by Kim, 1988). Nests in the grass are well sheltered. Laying 8-12 ocherous eggs with the reddish brown spots and the points. Complete layings under Krasnoyarsk in the middle of June, young - in the middle of July. ([Syroechkovskiy], [Rogacheva], 1980). Autumnal flying away begins from the second-half of August and concludes in the first half of September. The latest encounter is registered on September 9 in sett. [Novoselovo] of Novoselovskiy of region, in 1958. ([Vladyshevkiy], by Kim, 1988). Number. Until recently in the south and in [podtayge] it was usual in is also usual, propagation and then was very sporadic. In the southern taiga it is usual only on the river valleys. In the average taiga it becomes very rare. In the foothills it is rare. In the average taiga in s. [Vorogovo] jack number on the meadows of the high floodlands of 5 [osobey]/[km]2. ([Rogacheva] and other, 1978). In [s].[Fomka] and [Pogodaevo] in 1977. were usual - 7 [osobey]/[km]2, and on the Kolmogorovsk island were numerous - 28 [osobey]/[km]2. In 1975. it was less: 1 [osob]/[km]2 in [Fomke] and 3- in the mouth r. yew-tree (Boer, [Vakhrushev], 1983). The density of nesting during the partially being overgrown cuttings down of lower [Priangarya] composes approximately 2 [osobi]/[km]2 ([Vladyshevskiy], [Shaparev], 1976), on the meadow islands the hangars - 12 [osobey]/[km]2 ([Syroechkovskiy] and other, 1978). In the fields, pasturings, mowings on the terraces r. Of [chuny] in June - 8 [osobey]/[km]2 (on the average in the summer - 2 [osobi]/[km]2; throughout entire region - 0,03 [osobi]/[km]2) ([Ravkin], 1984). In the suitable localities in the south of edge to 1 [km]2 it is noted by 2-3, and frequently also more than birds. ([Vladyshevkiy], by Kim, 1988). The number noticeably is decreased in proportion to advance to the north. Nourishment. Predominantly insectivorous bird, that in large quantities eats up grasshoppers, fillies and other invertebrates, and also the seeds of plants ([Syroechkovskiy], [Rogacheva], 1995). |
![[Korostel]](img/img_110.gif)
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