Field signs. Major oatmeal (weight 27-28 grams). A male back, chest and sides brown head, tail, wings and pestriny brown on the sides, throat, head and upper abdomen white. Female and young painted a dimly. The voice is similar to the voice of ordinary oatmeal: Creek - soft "cycle-cycle", the song - calls "TINGES-TINGES-tiii (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Distribution. Vostochnosibirsky appearance. Bird diluted dry forests (mostly svetlohvoynyh and birch), open to mountain taiga (Rogacheva, 1988). In Minusinsk Basin usually for a nesting place at all suitable sites. In Usinskoy Hollow usual, many in the park forests on slopes. In the West Sayan (Sayano-Shushensky Reserve) is marked as rare in the slope listvyagah and usually steppes and meadows, terraced Yenisei (Sokolov et al, 1983; Petrov, Rudkovsky, 1985). In the basin of the river. Big Ury traced S. Prokofiev (1987a) from the lower steppes of larch kolkami (9 individuals / km 2) to Goltsov, where she also tended to brush tundra of kruglolistnoy Berezki (8), the largest it has been in the cedar woodlands at the top border forests (17) and meadow-steppe margin valley listvyagov (14), was also normal in the valley pine forests (4) and rare in lowland forests from elyu and in the highlands kedrovnikah (0,9 and 0,7 individuals / km 2) . Undoubtedly, beloshapochnaya oatmeal much greater at a dry, southern macroslope West Sayan. In East Sayan usually in the foothills of the Krasnoyarsk, in diluted borah and okrayku taiga. In the Krasnoyarsk forest almost completely replaced regular oatmeal (Yudin, 1952). The same can be said for Achinskoy and Kanskoy forest and the whole band podtaygi where proper forest biotopes opushechnye took a mild oatmeal and beloshapochnaya or non-existent or rarely found in the woods clarified svetlohvoynyh (Rogacheva, 1988). In the southern taiga on the Yenisey (59-60 ° with. Rd.) Extended sporadichno. Regularly gnezdilas only a village. Fomka of floodplain meadows with thickets of ivy and cherry (6 individuals / km 2) (Bursky, Vakhrushev, 1983). In the upper Keti found in the pine cutting, the edges of marshes and fields (Moskvitin et al, 1977). In the lower Priangare most of the bunting gnezdilos in the pine cuttings (24 specimens / km 2), usually it was in Osinniki, in the wild slash areas and shelkopryadnikah (6-10 individuals / km 2) (Vladyshevsky, Shaparev, 1976). At the district. Chune been numerous in the wild pine felling (50 animals / km 2) and fresh pine felling and redinah (18), usually has been in pine forests in lesobolotnyh complexes with pine and in the transitional swamps (1-6 individuals / km 2) (Ravkin, 1984). In the middle taiga on the Yenisey (61-63 ° 30 'c.sh.) is as rare as mild, but a wide range of habitats. In the south subzone at Vorogova more than usual. In the 1 st half of July 1976 on the edge of young suhodolnogo meadows and woods consists of pineries met adult birds with sletkami. In 1958, was quite usual in the diluted larch-birch forests of the village. MEPC (1 st half of July, 11 individuals / km 2). In 1979, Jacks on the outskirts of dry grasslands vypasaemogo a Village. Bakhta, in 1980 - the only time in 6 years - in the pine forest on the outskirts of the transitional swamps in the taiga, at the mouth of the river. Minor Varlamovki. 20 Jul, 1986 pair met at the non-residential village. Lebed. In the world by not nest. In the middle taiga Evenkia in June 1982, was usually in the mouth of the river. Columnar, and the gari and on the other side of Podkamennoy Tunguska at 300 meters route accounted for 4 singing males. In 1958, recorded in May and June as numerous species in rare woods from svetlohvoynom Zaimka Chamba (60 ° 20 'N) and a normal view in early July at the Village. Tychany (61 ° 40' c.sh.) (Rogacheva, 1988). In the northern taiga on the Yenisey rare. In 1977, until mid-July constantly met only in the south subzone, the cutting of the village. Baklaniha (64 ° 25 'N) and sporadichno - for cutting and in rare woods from prieniseyskom Angutihi (66 ° 10' N, extreme northern taiga), July 23, about Baklanihi seen sletkov (Rogacheva, Vakhrushev, 1983). A. J. Tugarinov heard her singing under Turuhanskom (65 ° 50 'N) and G. Sibom - at the mouth of Kureyki (66 ° 25' N) (Tugarinov, Buturlin, 1911). In the northern taiga Central Evenkia a Village. Tura (64 ° 15 'N), one bird received 20 Jul., 1978 at the 20-year Berezovo-cutting larch (Rogacheva, 1988). Habitats. Inhabit roughly the same habitat as ordinary oatmeal, but also more closed: fragmented dry woods consists of pineries, listvennichniki and mixed forests, logging, the margin of fields, the marshes, Gary wild, forest Kolka and plots of forest and scrub in the steppe. The most favorite nesting sites - verhovye swamps with rare woods, or even individual trees (Ryabitsev, 2001). Phenology. Under the Krasnoyarsk appear in mid-April, the gross passage in late April, nasizhennye masonry - in early June. Autumn passage expressed weakly and ends in the first half of October (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Reproduction. Nest suit on the ground under bushes, trees, grass. Gnezdovoy material - thin grass in the tray is often horsehair and big hair. In laying 3-6, 4-5 more eggs, painting eggs indistinguishable from an ordinary oatmeal. The size of eggs 19-24 x 14-18 mm. Nasizhivaet female 12-14 days, the chicks are fed by both adult birds (Ryabitsev, 2001). Nutrition. Feeds insects and seeds (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). References. |
