Field signs. The little white-mottled utochka, slightly larger than Chirka. As with all merganser, narrow beak, edges are covered with teeth. Male white with black back. Female gray with brown heads. Łapy beak and gray. At the back of his head crest. Good swims and nyryaet. Flies quickly, easily. Kept in pairs, small groups, large flocks does not form. There is little cautious. Voice - treskuchee "CRE ..." (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).  Distribution. Typical, but small and medium-duck northern taiga in the southern taiga are very rare. In the north, still common in the upper Vilyuya, nemnogochislen under Turuhanskom. At Hantayskom lake and just north, at Norilsk lakes - a very rare nesting birds. In a typical forest in the origins of the river. Pyasiny no longer occurs. It is very rare in the southern forest in the Yenisey and in the upper Turuhana. In the middle taiga is typical for Elogue, nemnogochislen from the Peace, which breeds mostly in lakes eniseyskoy floodplain (Rogacheva, 1988). The facts are known for nesting Syma and neighborhoods Eniseyska (Isakov, 1952). In the upper river. Heaters (right inflow Angara), we've been nesting on the border sub southern and middle taiga. Along with Eniseyskom is the most southern points nesting species in Central Siberia. Under the Krasnoyarsk did not nest, but passage is found. There in Putoranah (Melnikov, 1978; Zyryanov, Larin, 1983). In the autumn passage marked us in the Western Sayan (Gagulskaya hollow - 1.9 species / km 2; Seybinskaya hollow - 0.5 species / km 2) (Baikal, Laptsenak, 1996). The Spring flying unit emphasizes, in the central part of Khakassia (lichn. observation).
Phenology. Spring arriving in middle taiga - at the end of May. At the Norilsk, young lakes rise to the wing in the first decade of September (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). In the floodplain Syma a 15-18 May. Hold on, usually on the direction the watercourse without forming large concentrations. Density lutka from 17 to 22 May 1988 in the vicinity of Factory Sym was 1-2 specimens at 10 km river. By nesting begins, probably in late May - in June. Between nasizhivaniya kladok and driving vyvodkov birds are kept secret. Significant accumulations, which combine 1-3 vyvodka appear only at the end of August, when a significant portion of young birds up to the wing. Fly and the passage of lutkov well expressed in the upper and middle stream Syma. From 20 to 26 September (1996, 1997) is the most usual type of merganser, found throughout the river. Density on the channel varied within 0,5-1,23 specimens of 10 km, with individual flood plain lake, it reached 4-8 individuals / km 2. The share of the proceeds of ducks on the river. Momokty - Ivanovskie lake stood at 20%, due in part to lower lutka scary, but mostly it almost everywhere occurrence. On the south Eniseyskoy plains (average Yenisey, ss. Kem, ss. Chulym in the area Birilyusskogo) smew more rare: 0,14-0,22 specimens of 10 km of coastline (Savchenko et al, 2001). Reproduction. Nests in hollows, low from the ground (often in the old hollows zhelny), sometimes in the emptiness of old stumps. Vystilka - White Pooh. Masonry since late May - early June, six to eight white eggs. Selezen adheres to the nest until mid-time nasizhivaniya (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Nutrition. It feeds mostly aquatic insects and their larvae, partly fry (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Number. Hotbeds of high-strength lie in the left side of the Yenisei taiga and watershed areas plateau Evenkia, which expressed floodplain complexes Lakes. According to AS Martynov (1983), in severotaezhnyh habitats concentrated 59% of resources type in yuzhnotaezhnyh - 34%, in a highly-severotaezhnyh (lesotundrovyh) - 7%. The number of relatively stable. The average number in the 1978-1981 biennium. - 100 thousand birds. References. |
