Field signs. Kulik size of a thrush with short legs and beak. Spring black cap on his head, throat and eye strip of white, gray back and chest, belly ryzhee, in the middle of a black, autumn sage-brown top, bottom whitish. Female larger than male and more brightly colored. Creek - posvist "drink-drink-drink", with enraged end calls warble. Trusting other sandpipers-rzhanok, hence the local name: "dumb sivka (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).  Distribution. Eurasian Kulik, occupant and rocky mountain tundra with not entirely clarified range, which consists of several separate parts. In Central Siberia - the bird dry and rocky mountain tundra Taimyr and Goltsova (Alpine) zone of Western Sayan. Widely found in suitable biotopes throughout the tundra zone of Taimyr, but unevenly distributed. Most often it occurs in the northern part of the typical tundra and arctic tundra. However, in some areas (for example, in East Taimyr and the Yenisey), he zaselyaet and bush tundra and even penetrate the forest. Jacks on flat areas of shallow slopes or in the Arctic tundra - mostly flat spotted tundra (Vronsky, 1986), the south - in a dry spot, driadovoy, moss-lishaynikovoy tundra (Rogacheva, 1988). In the mountain tundra and Sayan Kuznetsk Alatau hrustan distributed in the highlands of East and West Sayan, Kuznetsk Alatau. At nesting found in rocky tundra Kanskogo Bilogirya at Ridge Kryzhina (Kizir-Kazyrskoe between), the origins of rivers and Kazyra Kizira at Udinskom ridge in the origins of the river. Left Kazyr, in the western part of Honda-Dzhuglymskogo ridge in the upper river Kandata and Chapshi at Ridge Ergak-Torgak-Taiga. Rarely found in Idarskom Bilogirya (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000, 2004). In the West Sayan found at nesting in their respective habitats at Mts. Saylyg Khem-Taiga, the Aradanskom and Sayan ranges. In the Kuznetsk Alatau detected for the first time in July 1994 with a clutch jacks marked on the tundra and mountains bear on the main watershed of the origins of Izbasa (Vasilchenko, 1999). Within the southern area is available sporadichno that defines mosaic distribution of stony-schebnistyh tundra in the highlands Sayan mountain Systems (Gavrilov, 1999; Syroechkovsky et al, 2000; 2004; Anyushin et al, 2004).
Habitats. At the Taimyr zaselyaet rocky mountain tundra (Rogacheva, 1988). In Sayanah nest habitat above the forest from 1900 to 2500 meters, where the birds nest on the leveled parts of the mountainous schebnisto-rocky tundra with sparse vegetation, alternating with excerpts of alpine meadows (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000; 2004; Anyushin et al , 2004). Phenology. Krasnoyarska spring appears at the end of May, the Purinskih Lakes - 7-16 June, the start of masonry ibid. - 11-18 June, a well-flying chicks from the river. AGAPE - August 9 (Krechmar, 1966). Autumn at the Krasnoyarsk beginning to appear in early September. Mass transit - 18-23 September (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).   Reproduction. Jacks suit on dry ground with rocky slabs and small stones, usually the sublime sites highland plateau (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000, 2004). Nest - fossa with litter from the grass and leaves voroniki. Masonry - 3, rarely 2-4 light olive-brownish eggs with large dark spots. Nasizhivayut only males, females after egg laying kept separately before beginning the autumn departure (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).
Meals. "Suholyubivy" Whooper hrustan in the mass of adults eat insects, especially beetles. In late summer in the diet increases the proportion of aquatic invertebrates, as well as leaf saxifrage and other green parts of plants (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). The number in the Taimyr low (an average of about 4 individuals / km 2) (Rogacheva, 1988). In connection with the distribution of the mosaic of habitats in Sayanah hrustan is a rare species. In the highland zone Sayan performance density range within the following limits: ridges Ergak-Targak-Taiga - 0.4 species / km 2, Saylyg Khem-Taiga - 0.6, Aradansky - 0.5, Sayan - 4.0 (Gavrilov, 1999). In the Kuznetsk Alatau very rare (Vasilchenko, 1999). The birds inhabiting the northern range, in the early twentieth century. have been numerous in the passage under the town Krasnojarsk (Tugarinov, Buturlin, 1911; Kozlova, 1961). In recent decades of flying hrustana in the southern part of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia unknown and materials that point to express the passage of these birds, no (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000; 2004; Anyushin et al, 2004). Measures of protection. Special measures to protect species are not developed. It should be widely promoted preservation of this very Kulik trustingly and rarely through the media (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000; 2004; Anyushin et al, 2004). In the Red Book of Krasnoyarsk Krai, the Republic of Khakassia, and the Kemerovo region. References. |
