Field signs. Sizes average - with the hen. The basic tone color upper body - sand, with brown pestrinami. All the ventral side and bottom wings of pure white, top-wing large white box. Similar species do not. In marriage, the male in the neck broad black and white stripes, which disappear by mid-summer, with neck and head are, as in females, with one color back. In nebrachnoe time males differ from the females cross struychatogo drawing on his back and body wing (not visible from afar), 4 th (counting from the outside) pen-feather shortened. By size male and female little different. Young samochya coloring, but the primary mahovye not black, but brown and ohristymi stripes. Some of these feathers (exterior) are stored until next summer. The marriage appears in male attire for the second spring (3rd calendar. Annum). Weight 550-950 g, 40-45 cm in length, wing 23,8-25,9 cm, the magnitude of 105-115 cm marriage, the male produces short loud banging like "prrt" or "trrk." When tokovanii male dissolve the feathers collar, produces a series of "drum" sound, quickly kicking on the packed earth, then inflates the neck, produces the current Creek and commit low "jump-podlet" with a characteristic whistling sound, and this time he was seen with a white outbreak large distances. "Ski-podlety" male commits several times a minute. At times vzmahivaet wings, not take-off. Tokuyut to zoryah, at other times of the day male only regularly publishes marriage Creek in its territory, sometimes shouting and night. Outside of marriage period of Strepetov only occasionally, you can hear the soft cry, sounding like "bullets, bullets, bullets." Take-off is accompanied by a strong noise, in-flight males produce wings rattle whistle (Ryabitsev, 2001). Distribution. North-West Africa from northern Morocco east to the north of Tunisia to the south to about the 33rd parallel. Eurasia from the Atlantic coast to the east to the valley of the upper Obi, predgory Altai, Zaysanskoy basin. To the north until the middle of France, northern Italy, Austria, southern Bohemia, the southern area of Kiev, Kharkov regions, Voronezh, Saratov, Orenburg, in western Siberia to 55 th in the valley of the Ob to the area of Barnaul. To the south to the coast of the Mediterranean, Asia Minor, northern Iran, northern Afghanistan, Xinjiang. Islands: Sardinia, Sicily. In a vast area of deserts and mountain rises, covered by defined boundaries range, occupies only a few plots of steppe vegetation types. Currently, solid people type does not exist and where optimal conditions. Placement of populations is very uneven and patchy in nature. In the European part of the range specified by the northern borders are now nowhere comes (Stepanyan, 1990, 2003). References. |
