Field signs. The size of starlings. In spring torso black wings on top of light-gray, and on the leading edge of reason to fold - white, and that the main difference from the black krachki, from the bottom of the flying birds seen another contrast - contrast dvutsvetnaya wing coloration. Nadhvoste tail and white. Klyuv reddish-black, bright red legs. The tail with a shallow notch (Ryabitsev, 2002). In autumn adult birds mostly white with a touch of gray on the wings, shell, black behind the eyes and dark gray, with light pestrinami, neck. On the sides of the chest no dark spots, in contrast to the black krachki (Ryabitsev, 2002). The young are generally the same color head, but the spin is very dark and very dark wings, unlike the young black terns - very bright, almost white tail, in sharp contrast with dark backs, the absence of dark spots on the sides of the chest. Weight 53-80 g, 20-23 cm in length, wing 20,0-22,4 cm, the magnitude of 63-67 cm (Ryabitsev, 2002). Major pozyvki - rezkovatoe "kirrik, chirrik, chrrik, krre, chrre, chirrr" and other "chirkayuschie" sounds, with intraspecific conflict - treskuchie sounds like "ki-ti-kirr," " Ki-ti-ti-ti-kirr ", the alarm - calls" chvik. " Voice more dramatic than that of black krachki (Ryabitsev, 2002).  Distribution. Eurasian species of temperate and southern latitudes in other areas of the gap between the Ob and Amur river basin. In Prieniseyskoy Siberia until recently, the bird is not there. In the early 1970's. SM Prokofiev (1981) noted belokryluyu tern as one of the core of their allocated water and coastal ornithological formation in the steppe zone of Khakassia. There is also an indication of nesting belokryloy krachki from the eastern borders of the province, in a pool Vilyuya (Andreev, 1974); here in 1968, it was proved the existence of a fairly large nesting colonies of this species in the Suntarskogo and the Leninsky district of Yakutia. In the Krasnoyarsk territory only gnezdovoe settlement belokryloy krachki we found in 1990 on the lake. Salbat Uzhurskogo area (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000).
Habitats. Gnezditsya lake, river backwater and flood waters from zarosshimi aquatic vegetation shores. IA Dolgushin (1962), stressing the differences in the choice of nesting black terns and belokryloy, indicates that the latter obviously avoided the deep lakes, preferring to various shallow water. We found a colony located on the lake, the depth of no more than 80 cm (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Phenology. Autumn movement begins in late July - early August (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Reproduction. Jack usually floating on the dead aquatic plants. In most parts of the size of the colonies is 2-20 pairs, rarely more (Zubakin, 1988). In our colony gnezdilos at least 18 pairs. Belokrylaya tern - monogam. For characterized by frequent changes of nesting sites and sharp fluctuations in the number of years. In laying a foresees from 1 to 6 eggs, often of their 3 (Zubakin, 1988). Coloring eggs complicated: Fon olive-brown with varying degrees of intensity, the figure of the rare black krapinok and spots of varying size and density. Hatching chicks in the Novosibirsk region and in the Baikal area are in the last five days of June - early July (Zubakin, 1988). At Lake. Salbat 4-5-day chicks were 7 Jul., 1990 (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Meals little studied. This is mainly aquatic insects and their larvae, but flying in the steppe, tern often kormitsya pryamokrylymi, beetles, flies. Much less eat small rybeshek, golovastikov, lyagushat (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Number. In Krasnoyarsk belokrylaya tern - small bird. A small colonial settlement (18-20 pairs) is known only to the lake. Salbat. In the summer months belokrylye krachki there and in several other places the edge: the Great Lakes Kyzykul (20-30 animals in the 10 km route), Kutezhekovo (32 species), Tagarskoe (8 species), dirty (39 species) in the area of the Kuraginskom with. Berezivka (6 animals at 10 km.) Nature of the host belokrylyh terns are not installed. According to SM Prokofiev (1981), in some places steppe zone of Khakassia is rather common tern (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). Measures of protection. Like other Lapwing, is protected by hunting laws. Vid included in the list Rossysko-India convention on the protection of migratory birds (1984). There is a need to delay the establishment of reserves for the lake. Salbat. It is increasingly conducting outreach in ohotkollektivah with the aim of non-shooting terns and other birds that are not targets of hunt (Syroechkovsky et al, 2000). References. |
