Field signs. In the marriage operenii head of dark brown, black seems afar. Mantle light gray. Beak and legs dark red. From small gulls different sizes, in addition, the dark plumage on the head does not captures the neck, the lower surface of the wing is not black, dark only the ends of the wings. In the autumn operenii head remains dark only "catkin" and may be even smaller "blot". Young top of the color brown and sandy-brown and very showy, tail with a dark brown stripe predvershinnoy. Beak with dark pink ground, legs burovato pink. All naryadah have a good character lake gulls: the flight of several top makhovaya with contrasting black and white picture, from afar look white, like the entire front edge of the wing - as above, and bottom. Weight 200-320 g body length 38-44 cm in length wing 28,4-34,0 cm, the magnitude of the wings of 94-105 cm (Ryabitsev, 2001). Voice repertoire consists mainly of different options crackling unpleasant yelling: "kyaaarrr, keerrr, kiirra, krre, Kerer", etc. (Ryabitsev, 2001).  Distribution. In the Central Siberia distributed widely, but everywhere is rare. In Minusinsk Basin rare, sporadichno nesting species, although in recent years has tended to increase its strength. Comes in the taiga zone, rarely meeting in the southern and middle taiga and leaving a rarity in the northern taiga to Tours. At srednetaezhnom and yuzhnotaezhnom Enisee probably not nest (Rogacheva, 1988).
Habitats. Selyatsya on a variety of inland waters, mainly in the plain areas and where there are large and difficult shallow water, reeds and shrubs osokoy, splaviny, Islands (Ryabitsev, 2001). Phenology. (Ryabitsev, 2001). Reproduction. Jacks are located at different distances from each other by half and less dense colonies of up to tens of meters - in diluted. A nest constructed male and female together from different plant material, mostly from crude and soft, in part humus grass. At the high tussock nest can be very small, only a dry hole with a lining. There are nearly 1 meter across and up to 30-40 cm laying of 1 to 3, usually 3 eggs. Sometimes 4 or more eggs, but this is likely to double stack. Coloring eggs is very changeable - from light blue or cream-white image with little to dark brown, with a continuous opyatnennostyu, most - green-or olive-brown or greenish-ohristye, with a variety of spots of different shades of brown. The size of eggs 41-69 x 30-40 mm. Nasizhivayut male and female. When the risk rises stir in the colony, gulls cry, kruzhat, dive, splash wrongdoing rest droppings. Birds of prey and crows attack and drive away. Nevertheless, the nest ruin both air and ground predators. In such cases are very common re-laying. Running time nasizhivaniya 22-26 days. The young stay in the colony or some are beginning to fly from 25 to 30 days of age. Shortly thereafter, leaving the colony and widely wander (Ryabitsev, 2001). Nutrition. Food is very diverse - worms, insects and other invertebrates collected as the water or on land, often - in the fields. Significant role played by all kinds of waifs and strays, especially in spring and autumn, when many birds collected from landfills. Rasklevyvayut sick and snuluyu fish catch fry, produce small rodents. Gladly eat berries and seeds (Ryabitsev, 2001). Number. Malochislenny or rare species in the taiga zone Unit (Rogacheva, 1988). References. |
