Field signs. Melkaya duck, larger svistunka, but less than kloktuna. Weight 350-500 City U Seleznev - bright white stripe on the sides of brown head. Breast dark, unlike svistunka. Female of females svistunka and kloktuna different gray wings and soft, just greenish glass. Flight fast, landing on the water, light, almost neslyshnaya, vertical takeoff. Voice Seleznev - treskuchee, "wooden" "Carrie-r" on the fly and on the water, female voice - high chatter quack (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Distribution. Obitatel small flood waters steppes, forest and southern taiga, but here it is far below the number Chirkov-svistunku. AJ Tugarinov in Turhanskom province is not met him altogether (Tugarinov, Buturlin, 1911). In the southern taiga in river valleys treskunok common everywhere: on the Angara and Yenisei Valley to the north to the mouth Syma (Rogacheva, 1988). In flood lands Syma, Casa, the lower and middle Keti small river duck. At the district. Syme during spring passage treskunok meets infrequently , Mainly in the lower reaches of the watercourse, penetrating to the north valley Yenisei. According to survey data on the Syma Mid teal that sometimes occurs in mining hunters, but significantly less than svistunok. Density treskunka in the flood plain Syma according to the block counts during the spring migration in 1997 amounted to an average of 0,59 ± 0,14 animals at 10 km river, staynost - 3.5 specimens (Savchenko et al, 2001). In the middle taiga becomes a kind of rare, although some breeds (Peace, Eloguy). In the northern taiga on the Yenisey very rare. Gnezdovanie found in extreme northern taiga north Turuhanska, on the island of Grand Konoschele. So far to the north treskunok penetrates only on the flood plain Yenisei. At the middle and southern Vilyue alasnom landscape in places is comparable in size svistunku, but in the upper becoming rare and to the north is only up to 65 o N, that is comes in the typical northern taiga (Rogacheva, 1988). Thus, in the taiga zone treskunok penetrates even less than the mallard, or shirokonoska, but the nature of the proliferation could be merged with the three "southern" netaezhnyh floodplain river ducks. Teal, svistunok partly sviyaz and kloktun constitute Quartet northern "Ducks ( Rogacheva, 1988). Habitats. Treskunki prefer floodplain reservoirs, forests shun (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Phenology. In the middle taiga in the Yenisey arrives later svistunka. In the southern taiga on the river. Chadobets (Angara) appear in mid-May and 17 May marked the passage of the massive (Reymers, 1966). At the district. Sym treskunki marked on 20-22 May (Savchenko et al, 2001). Fly treskunka, obviously, is mostly south-westerly direction, but it has most of the birds than the svistunka shifting to the south. If the pool Syma share Chirka-treskunka was less than 1%, the waters of the steppe and forest zones edge , It increases to 5-8, while in places and up to 17% of all ducks. Wintering grounds, according to the direction of flight, located in Central Asia, Iran, India, but it is possible that some birds migrate to the coast of the Azov and Black Seas. One out-Chirkov treskunkov, Okol'covannaja spring on the territory of Khakassia, was produced in autumn this year (direct return) on the outskirts of Krasnodar (Savchenko et al, 2001). Reproduction. Jack built on a dry place, refuge under trees or grass. In laying 7-12 light-colored or yellowish-brown eggs (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Nutrition. Treskunok - typical zhivotnoyadnaya duck. A particularly big role in his diet played a shellfish (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Number. According to A. Martynov (1983), population density treskunka highest in steppe regions of Khakassia, in Kanskoy forest and the secondary Angara. In the steppe habitats concentrated 8% of resource types, in the southern taiga - 90% (including 31% in rural areas lesopolevyh) . During migrations congestion treskunkov found in a pool Chulyma and Kezhemskom mnogoostrove. Number of significant and cyclical changes in some years treskunka happens quite a lot, even in northern parts of range (for example, in 1980 in the Eastern Evenkiya). The total number of species in the Krasnoyarsk region, according to A. Martynov, now slightly rising an average of four-year cycle of 190 thousand birds (Rogacheva, 1988). According to the latest data, the southern edge of nest 78 thousand treskunkov. Stocks, taking into account the migratory birds account for 130 thousand individuals , Which is close to the above assessment. Share treskunka within Eniseyskoy plains - 24.6% of the province and 35.1% - of the size of the southern region. Over the past decade, numbers that ducks partly decreased, especially in central and southern parts of the Krasnoyarsk Territory (Savchenko et al, 2001 ). References. |
