Field signs. Quite a large nyrkovaya duck resignation of dense. Weight males about one kg (until 1600). Male entirely black. Nadklyuve orange. Female brown with light schekami and burovato-gray beak. Łapy black. Well, and instantly nyryaet. On the water rises seriously and are reluctant. Flight fast and maneuverable. Adult males on the fly wings produce distinctive clinking sound (like Gogol). Voice Male - melodic ringing shout "stryuk-hatch, females - thick quack" re-re-re - re "(Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).  Distribution. Typical bird reservoirs forest-tundra and northern taiga. Eastern boundary of its range does not reach Lena, and the Vilyue passes for 120 o E Maximum size is in a typical forest and the extreme northern taiga. At the lakes from Norilsk singa -- the largest nesting duck. Close to the lake Hantayskogo it (together with turpanom) - the usual duck small forest lakes, where it was not large, but almost every lake and lakes inhabited by another pair, these ducks, such as lakes in the northern taiga many. In Evenkia in the upper Vilyuya, on the lakes basin Syurindinskoy singa (par with the hawk-nosed turpanom) - the largest duck (Andreev, 1974). In the northern forest at the beginning of the river. Pyasiny occurs less frequently than those of Norilsk, and in shrub tundra at the mouth of Dudypty very rare; north, in a typical tundra, not marked (Krechmar, 1966).
At the Yenisey nest to the north to Brehovskih islands, only occasionally zaletaya to Golchihe. In the east, northern boundary nesting takes place in the mouth Hatangi covering and bush tundra. AF Middendorf (1869) observed nesting at singi Boganide. For nesting selects the lake, mostly forest. Submission of singe as utke, living in the Arctic tundra north of Lake. Taimyr (Isakov, 1952), wrong. Southern limit nesting quite clearly coincides with the boundary between the northern and middle taiga. At the Yenisey singa still usually on the river. Pakulihe (typical northern taiga) (Tugarinov, Buturlin, 1911), isolated individuals have met and south - in the area of peace, to Elogue and in the upper Podkamennoy Tunguska (in the middle taiga). Under favorable conditions (especially on the islands) may form a significant nest concentration (Rogacheva, 1988). In the northern taiga Ob, Yenisei between the singa -- a rare duck major taiga rivers, upper marshes and pine-lake landscape (0,1-0,5 individuals / km 2). In the middle taiga singi much less, she found only on the passage of verhovym Swamp (Vartapetov, 1984) . As span bird marked in the territory Tsentralnosibirskogo Reserve and adjacent waters (Shaparev, 1997). In the pool Syma separate groups of birds found in the early summer, but the nature of their stay is unclear. Singu was repeatedly pointed out (June 5-8) and channel Yenisei at latitude 57 o (0,2 specimens at 10 km) (Savchenko, etc., 2001). Phenology. Uletaet singa west, as well as its main wintering grounds are located in the North Atlantic. Up on the Yenisei not fly. Singa spring arrives (and scoter) late - later than other ducks. In the area of Norilsk and Hantayskogo Lake early birds - in early June, a massive overflight 10-18 June (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Masonry under Norilsk - the twentieth numbers until June and early July. In the second decade of September, most young rises to the wing, but some vyvodki very late in development, and possibly die. Uletaju singa in late September - early October (Krechmar, 1966). Reproduction. Jacks on the banks of reservoirs, most lakes, near the water, but sometimes in the 200-300 meters away. The nest is built under the refuge shrubs and grasses. Lining of dry vegetation and Pooh. In laying 6-8 light olive eggs (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Nutrition. Pitaetsya shellfish, C. finmarchicus, insect larvae, sometimes eat plant roots. An important sport-hunting type (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Number. According to AS Martynov (1983), usually for a nesting place in the mountains Putorana; southern border nesting being the author of a watershed between the Lower and Podkamennoy Tunguska. According to his data, areas of high concentration of nesting singi lie in the valley of the river. Fish, at the northern taiga left Yenisei and Pyasino-Hatangskoy forest, as well as Moyero-Kotuyskoy basin. In lesotundrovyh and highly-concentrated areas severotaezhnyh 74% of species, approximately 13% occupies tundra and northern taiga habitats . Autumn averaging singi strength in the 1978-1981 biennium. - About 550 thousand birds (Martynov, 1983). References. |
