Field signs. Duck medium-sized and dense resignation of a long, hard wedge-shaped tail, which often keeps upright. Wings narrow and disproportionately small. Savko - one of the most «malokrylyh» birds capable of flight, but most adapted to the type of diving ducks. Lapy very large and are far back, so Savko excellent swims. On land almost did not go off to work and only with water, with razbega. Coloring drill red. A male white spring head with a black cap. A female head is dark brown with a whitish stripe under the eye. Spina rusty-brownish, low light. Beak dark, bluish-gray. Young resemble the female, but lighter. Savko very silent, fleeing from persecution diving, trying to escape in the cane fields. In danger of sinking into the water so that only the head visible, the upper back and protruding tail (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1995).  Distribution. Reservoirs steppes and dry steppes of North Africa, Southern Europe and Central Asia. Forest-steppe of Western Siberia. An isolated area clustered range in the upper Yenisei, Tuva and Ubsu-Nurskoy Basin in Mongolia. In the forefront was the summer on the lakes in Achinskom area, but nesting is not proven. S. Prokofiev in May 1980, met at 5 savok Lake. Shira, and in July-August 1985 - 20 more birds on the lake. Bele (Prokofiev, bushes, 1988).
Habitats. Deep enough steppe and forest lake, preferably brackish-water, but also fresh, always with thickets of reeds and open Pleso since submerged vegetation. Ploshad nesting biotopes (thickets of reeds) is declining because of the intensive development of the steppe and forest zones. Moreover, it depends on the multi-level oscillations Prairie Lakes (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1995). Phenology. Spring arrival dates for the edges is unknown. In the south of Tyumen region usually arrives early in May (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1995). Reproduction. Jacks on splavinah or hall in the thickets of reeds, sometimes ondatrovyh hatkah (Azarov, Ivanov, 1981) or the old nests of other water birds (coot, cristate black), close to lots of open water. Jacks arranged so that the female could dive directly from the slot. In Tyumen region Savko prefer to hold the nest in colonies of gulls and terns. Tray tiles down, and eggs, it usually is «floors». In laying 5-6, rarely up to 10 eggs. Eggs large, thick shell, rough, krupnoporistaya. Fresh eggs bluish, nasizhennye - yellowish.   Nasizhivanie about 25 days. It is believed that eggs Savko (at least in Kazakhstan) need progrevanii only at first, then embryos obtain the required heat through internal processes. There have been instances where eggs from Savko, behind in a room vyluplyalis utyata. Babies utyata already have well-marked hvostiki that they, too, kept upright. Vyvodki kept in small Pleso, with all sides surrounded by reeds (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1995). Nutrition. Basically, aquatic plants (rdesty, Stoneworts etc.). In nutritional utyat significant infusion of larvae of insects, mollusks and crustaceans. Number. Everywhere has been declining steadily in connection with a solid economic development of the steppes and poaching. For the Krasnoyarsk region Nil (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1995). References. |
