Field signs. Freight and white. Coloring mostly gray with dark gray cap, which merges with even more dark "mask", a white throat. It looks like gray white, which is small size, short tail, the lack of red on the back, dark-gray horse's head and dark legs. Individual variability of color is expressed in a more dark and bright individuals, particularly noticeable in color and the top of the head masks, some birds have ohristy flying all over his body. Podkrylya ohristye. Male and female painted similar. The young are very similar to adults, but usually mask merges with the same dark cap, the base beak brighter, golubovatoe. The eyes of adult brown with light spots, the young - dark gray or gray-brown. Weight 10-15 g, 12-14 cm in length, wing 5,8-7,2 cm, the magnitude of 16-21 see Song - set soft and unscrupulous trills - muted "slavochy patter." Among those sounds are allocated 3-5 loud outcry that different males in different parts of the range sound as "track-track-track" or "CLAIX-CLAIX-CLAIX-CLAIX", or "key-key-key, or "tyuli-tyuli-tyuli-tyuli", or even once. This portion of songs from the fans songbird called the "stukotok." Some males, he expressed little and this makes recognition of the song. Others, however, may serve only to "stukotok or add to it one or more of what some syllables. Sing in general a bit. After a pair of educational activity of singing sharp falls, but it can be heard until mid-July. Singles sing more. When the singing kept undergrowth and in the lower parts of crowns, at times takes off at the top of trees and open branches of trees, but the current flight, such as the gray-white, no. When anxiety - "check" which may sound more or less sharply, with varying loudness and frequency (Ryabitsev, 2001). Distribution. Euro-West type, widespread in Central Siberia on its southern borders to the polar circle (Rogacheva, 1988) In Minusinsk Basin usual nesting species wherever there are bushes along with some woody vegetation in the bushes on a steppe river is rare or absent. In the West Sayan, on this one (Sokolov et al, 1983; Petrov, Rudkovsky, 1985), rarely breeds in the mixed forests in river valleys and meadows and steppe edge out Yenisei. According to SM Prokofiev (1987), in the valley of the river. Big Ury (Sayano-Shushensky Reserve) white-hedge was usual almost everywhere, from mountain steppes to the high ernikovoy Tundras, but its strength was higher in lowland forests (5-9 individuals / km 2) than in the park larch and pine, larch forests on the slopes. In Usinskoy Basin white-hedge was a rare nesting type of park forests on the slopes (Rogacheva, 1988). In the forest nest everywhere except odnoyarusnyh groves, deprived of undergrowth and underbrush. In podtayge in the basin of the Greater Kemchuga usually mosaic deciduous forests Kozulskoy plains (4.8 species / km 2) and numerous in the spruce-fir forests suhodolnyh with adolescents and understory (25 animals / km 2), in pine and leafy, pine forests, there is no (Naumov, 1960). In podtayge River basin. Floodplain were numerous in the spruce-fir forests with some birch (24 specimens / km 2), usually in the pine forests, wetland forests of various types, Birch Kolk (2-5) and rarely in pure birch (0.4 species / km 2) (Ravkin, et al, 1987). In the southern taiga everywhere normal and large bird, except for close taiga. In Priangare nesting maximal strength was on the fringe of fir forests with garyami and felling (32-36 animals / km 2), 2-3 times lower was the number of pine forests, small-leaf forests and to slash areas (12-16 animals / km 2) ; In net pihtachah she did not (Vladyshevsky, 1975, 1980; Vladyshevsky, Shaparev, 1976). In the southern eniseyskoy taiga (59-60 ° N) typical nest stations - shrubs, small-young, clarified and fragmented forest understory in many lowland forests of high (10-14 individuals / km 2), hvoyno-deciduous forests with glades usual (6), in the flood plain meadows with willowy as usual (1-7), and where flood plain shrubs prevail over meadows, many (27 animals / km 2). In the middle taiga on the Yenisey (61-63 ° N) is the most abundant in lesolugovoy left-bank floodplain Yenisei (an average of 10 animals / 2 kilometers) from south to north within the sub-abundance increases of 4 to 17 individuals / km 2 As the large area of grassland and willowy replaced by scrub, interspersed with small meadow, the number townships around - 2-8 individuals / km 2 in the dark taiga, the wild slash areas and felling - 2 specimens / km 2 (Rogacheva, etc. , 1978). In the middle taiga Evenkia in the basin of the river. Chuni (61 ° 20 '-61 ° 45' N) white-hedge, according to AV Ladygin, in 1985 was very numerous in the middle of Gary (157 individuals / km 2) and numerous in the larch-pine forest and floodplain of the river willowy. Chuni (92 and 91 individual / km 2). In the northern subzone at the Lower Tunguska (63 ° 30 'c.sh.) OA Chernikov found that the usual white-on zaroslyam bushes at the water. In the northern taiga on the Yenisey (63 ° 30's. Sh. - 66 ° 30 'N) is usually in bushland on the outskirts and rivers, in the south subzone occurs more frequently. The maximum number was from a small cutting near the village. Baklaniha (64 ° 25 'c.sh.): 70 individuals / km 2 in the riverine forest and floodplain willowy was 10-20 animals / km 2. In the northern taiga Evenkia (64 ° 20 'N) single bird was seen 20 Jul., 1978 at the 20-year-Berezovo larch cutting in the vicinity of village. Tura (Vakhrushev, Vahrusheva, 1987). In the southern forest in the upper Turuhana 23 Jun., 1978, one bird seen in the larch-birch grove of willow on the bank of the river. Soviet (Rogacheva et al, 1987). Habitats. Inhabit in the bushes on the outskirts, glades, garyam and cutting, in rare woods with a well-developed understory, willing to live in parks and gardens. Notable elovoy attraction to the young or the other hvoynoy growth. In the steppes inhabited mostly floodplain - also with the understory and bushes, lesopolosy, shrubs bushes ravines, hills, etc. In the forest and tundra nesting in the southern flood plain and island forests, as a rule - with the trees (Ryabitsev, 2001). Phenology. The Atlanta arrives in mid-May, the full stack - the middle of June, flight vyvodki - July 5-10 (Yudin, 1952). Reproduction. In the first days after the arrival males begin to sing and build nests, leaving them incomplete, in the form of accurate transmission basket. These "signal" nests in males in the territory may be several. On the formation of a pair of jacks dostraivayut together. The nest is placed in the bush or on a tree at a height of 0,2-1,5, sometimes up to 6-8 meters was particularly fond arranged in dense elkah or juniper, and steppe - in the briar or other bushes. In gardens, build nests in raspberry, currant, gooseberry. The outer layer and the foundation of the nest - thin twigs, stalks of cereals, dry wall intertwined stems and leaves of cereals, often weave plant down, cocoons spiders, insect pupae. In the tray - thin blade of grass, roots, fibers Luba, horsehair. Full masonry contains 3-7, often 5 eggs. Fon shell cream-white or soft-white, brown spots small, round, varying intensity but they are characterized by large pale spots of dust-brown or olive-colored. Figure never closes all or most of the background, more concentrated at the blunt ends. The size of eggs 14-19 x 11-15 mm. Nasizhivayut female and male, starting with the completion of the wall, 11-13 days. During this period, male almost ceased to sing. The young naked, with a yellow or orange-yellow mouth, on the basis of language, two brown or black dots (not always!), Klyuvnye rollers pale yellow. The young leave the nest at the age of 11-13 days, has not yet umeya fly. Adults feed them until they are about 3.5 weeks (Ryabitsev, 2001). Nutrition. Feeds insects, mainly sklevyvaya them with branches and leaves (beetles, caterpillars butterflies, bugs). Sklevyvaet and juicy fruits (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).  
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