Field signs. Local name - saksan. Duck medium-sized to large, very large beak. Weight - 550-800 City Flight nebystry, quite noisy. In flight shows a dark stain on the belly. Selezen colorful, varied colors. Voice Male - recess, soft "quo quo quo", females - quiet quack. Duck is not very scary, but kept secret and quite silent. Nyryaet reluctantly and poorly (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980).  Distribution. The view from the high cluster of expertise. Shirokonoska - no wood duck. She prefers the open landscape of steppe and forest and taiga in the valley occupies the major rivers. In this respect, and spreading to the north, the duck is similar to wild duck. It is usually, but places and numerous, but inferior to the number of wild duck and Chirkov-svistunku everywhere in suitable locations in the south central Siberia. To advance to the north of its strength gradually decreases. In the middle taiga in the Yenisey is quite rare, and in the northern taiga - very rare duck, although it breeds on the Yenisey to the polar circle. In the upper Vilyuya for nesting, too, is rare, but many of the lower lake-alasnom Vilyue, although it is located in the middle of taiga forest subzone of Yakutia. There are zalety to Hantayskoe lake in the area Dudinki (Syroechkovsky, 1961), but at Norilsk lakes north of Lake Hantayskogo shirokonosku have not seen (Krechmar, 1966). Specifying SA Buturlin to her nesting at the mouth of Taza needed in verification. According to AS Martynov (1983), it is known to hunters in Moyero-Kotuyskoy Basin, he believed that shirokonoska penetrates to the north a little further than the mallard, not confirmed, however, this assertion facts (Rogacheva, 1988).
Small duck river flood waters. Syma. Most late arriving from the river duck species, a 10-18 May. In spring 1997 we met with 6 animals in the lake. Round. Observed small groups shirokonosok held in polividovyh concentrations of ducks on the forest and lakes Starichnaya. The average density was 0,13 ± 0,05 individuals / km 2. During this type of nesting met here even rarer. In the autumn passage shirokonoska quite normal. In late August - early September, there were small clusters of birds in rivers Syma, Casa, Kemi. Notable movement shirokonosok registered 21-24 September 1996 in the middle Syma. The density of ducks on the river reached 9-10 individuals at 10 km. Share shirokonoski in the inspection proceeds for the time being, ducks at the mouth of the river. Momokty (n = 25 copies.) Accounted for 10% (Savchenko et al, 2001). Phenology. Shirokonoska arrives late - later than most of the river ducks, but in the middle taiga on the Yenisey (Peace) is usually used to kloktuna. At the district. Chadobets (Angara) appeared in mid-May, a mass celebrated passage from 20 May (Reymers, 1966). There's northern border range in Angutihe shirokonoska arrives in late May - early June. Autumn relatively early departure - from the middle taiga all shirokonoski fly away in September (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). These ducks fly off to the southwest of wintering, located in India. Shirokonoski, breeding south Eniseyskoy plains (Khakassia, Tuva), at first probably fly to the north-west, thus reaching a common migration channels and then migrate to the seasonal direction. Proof of this assumption is the meeting of poultry, Okol'covannaja at the lake. Hadyn (Tuva) and produced in the lake. Bugaevo (Khakassia) (Savchenko et al, 2001). Reproduction. Nests are usually made in the open field. Masonry - 7-11 light yellow eggs (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Nutrition. Shirokonoska - mostly zhivotnoyadnaya duck. The feed - aquatic invertebrates: crustaceans, molluscs. It is taking food from the surface water percolation through the fine filter apparatus beak (Syroechkovsky, Rogacheva, 1980). Number. At the southern edge of pockets of high population density shirokonoski are Minusinsk Basin, the upper Chulyma in Kanskoy forest, the Middle Priangare. In the small area of grassland plots centered 5% of all shirokonosok in forest strip - 25%, yuzhnotaezhnyh - 64% (Martynov, 1983). During migrations shirokonoski focus on Kezhemskom mnogoostrove, Krasnoyarsk reservoirs and lakes of Khakassia. For all this, the number of shirokonoski irreversibly reduced: Observations related to the early twentieth century. This kind in many parts of the south edge of one of the most numerous. Now shirokonoska still usually Minusinsk Basin (Prokofiev, 1987), but the overall strength of its autumn averaging in the province (data modeling A. Martynov) low: about 90 thousand birds (Rogacheva, 1988). According to recent studies, the number of shirokonoski only 41 district of Krasnoyarsk region in 1999 accounted for no less than 89 thousand individuals, and taking into account the birds Khakassia, it is estimated at 100-105 thousand Within Eniseyskoy plains centered at least 30% of this duck (Savchenko et al, 2001). References. |
